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The DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) is a system designed to keep down the level of particulates in the exhaust systems in diesel engines. The DPF system consists of: - the DPF filter; - sensors and actuators; - specific engine management control unit strategies. Since the filter is an accumulation system, it must be periodically regenerated (cleaned) by burning the particles present in the filter whose quantity is calculated using a control algorithm for the engine management control unit. The engine management control unit uses multiple injections to increase the temperature of the exhaust gases up to around 600°C to burn the particles. The regeneration of the filter takes place by bringing the exhaust gases at the DPF intake to a temperature of >580°C and a content of CO2 > 5%. The engine management control unit controls the process acting on: - diesel metering (up to 5 injections in the same engine cycle per cylinder); - control of the air (EGR, supercharging pressure). The regeneration process lasts about 15 minutes. During this stage the specific calibration of the engine guarantees that there is no discontinuity in the torque supplied in relation to normal operation therefore the customer should not be aware of anything and the regeneration stage should be kept activated in all engine operating conditions. The instrument panel provides the information necessary for the management of the filter regeneration process by means of warning lights and messages. The "particulate filter clogged" warning light and the message in the display indicate the need to carry out a driving cycle to allow the system to carry out the regeneration. In case of exhausted oil, the "insufficient engine oil pressure" warning light is activated and flashes and, together with the acoustic signal, the message "Change the engine oil" is shown in the display.
For further details, See descriptions 1080B “ON DEMAND” FORCED REGENERATION For company fleets, there is a self-adaptive system with “on demand” forced regeneration procedure. The vehicle is provided with an innovative DPF electronic management system, specifically developed for those who cover very short distances, characterised by regular engine starting and stopping. The electronic control unit constantly monitors the driving style and the type of routes travelled to manage the DPF regeneration with self-adaptive logic, thus allowing optimisation of the engine oil replacement intervals and an improved use of the vehicle. Only in the case that the electronic control unit detects a use of the vehicle which does not allow the completion of the automatic DPF regeneration cycle, it will be necessary to intervene to activate the procedure. Any constant switching on of the “DPF warning light” during travel signals particularly demanding use of the vehicle in terms of complete regeneration of the DPF and that it could not be completed automatically. In this case, the "DPF warning light" on the instrument panel switches on and the corresponding message is shown on the display – "DPF cleaning: carry out regeneration, see manual" – and it is necessary, within 100 km from the appearance of the indication, to carry out “on demand” forced regeneration, as in the procedure indicated below:
For the entire duration of the procedure, lasting approximately 8–12 minutes depending on the engine version and the environmental conditions, the "DPF warning light" continues to flash. The "DPF warning light" switches off when the regeneration procedure has finished, and the engine speed returns to the normal level. When the warning light switches off, after closing the bonnet, the vehicle can be moved.
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